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| The Great Trek and Creation of Apartheid | |
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| Topic Started: Oct 2 2014, 05:27 PM (41 Views) | |
| Rach | Oct 2 2014, 05:27 PM Post #1 |
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At Least 5% Sugar
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Reasons for the Great Trek of 1/6 or around 10,000 white settlers. - Some wished to “preserve proper relations between master and servant” - Some complained of the “proud and defiant attitude of the Xhosa” - Many complained about shortages of land and labour within the colony Following British annexation of some of these lands to prevent them from rivaling the British, they set up two white state in the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal). Both of these were white supremacy and did not even pretend to have franchising abilities like previous colonies. Constitution of Transvaal “The people want no equality of Blacks with white inhabitants, either in Church or State” African inhabitants had to pay rent or had to work 90-180 days on the land in order to stay. Labour shortages continued. The Orange Free State burns Sotho crops in the hopes that it will cause them to work for the white owner. Transvaal engaged in sending out forced to abduct African children to work for landowners. The discovery of diamonds in South Africa allowed for the new large black workforces numbering 100,000 in the late 1800s. With low black wages, this allowed for the diamond mines to generate great dividends. If you invested 10 million pounds in 1910, you would receive 2-3 million pounds a year as a dividend. The discovery of gold further industrialized South Africa and along with diamonds enriched South Africa and created a very large class of black workers. In order to keep costs down, the Government sought to co-ordinate the recruitment of blacks and to eliminate competition for their services. Whereby they could continue to keep costs down. They relied on the fact that since Africans farmed on the reserves they established, that they could pay them far less than required in order to survive based on wages alone. As well, there were further movements made to prevent blacks from urbanizing and to prevent blacks from leaving mine areas while under contract. In order to satisfy their need for black workers, Cecil Rhodes who had made a fortune to conquer and extend white domination in the interior. His own personal empire was named Rhodesia. Eventually, the British drive for consolidation led to the Boer war. This affair saw many British and Afrikaner troops killed but also saw many Afrikaner civilians die in internment camps. The war ended in 1902 with a British victory and by 1907 both Afrikaner republics were governing themselves and were allowed to continue to not allow blacks the right to vote. The British included the harsh treatment that the Afrikaners had put on to the black miners. In 1909, the Union of South Africa was formed via the British parliament. All four former Afrikaner republics became provinces. It continued the policies in South Africa of the time. Blacks in South Africa, especially in the former Afrikaner republics were banned from voting or severely restricted from doing so by putting in place punitively high income, land and education requirements. Furthermore, to be a Member of Parliament one had to be of European descent according to the South Africa Act. The Union Defense Force was formed in order to crack down on mine riots and was used as a tool to respond to black opposition, along with the police and white volunteers. This period between the establishment of the Union of South Africa and Apartheid saw South Africa the consolidation of political movements and the rise of the Afrikaners as the dominant force in South Africa. The state remained committed to preserving current race relations despite various political movements which supported movements such as the Atlantic Charter, which many feared could lead the end of white security. As well, this time period saw many periods of political consolidation that was often destroyed by the World Wars and divided by opposition and support within some of these parties. Existed parties merged and broke apart due to differences over the war and whether or not South Africa should remain loyal to Britain. Solutions were proposed to acquire even further land from natives and they continued to work to lessen any black or coloured votes. By the year 1948 the Nationalists who had previously been in opposition to the United Party had program they called Apartheid. This was similar to the 1924 slogan by Herzog of segregation. The National Party won under Malan, with a very narrow majority of seats. From that point onward the National Party did not lose a single election. The rising size of the black population but the fact that the majority of people who could vote were white and that members of parliament were only white meant that their demands were the ones that had the largest say. Some would argue that Apartheid or similar segregation was inevitable given the long running trends at the time and the fact that the government was all white. Furthermore, many Nationalist policies were simply extensions of previous policies already in place. Inter-racial marriage was banned in 1927 by the Immorality Act of 1927 for example. The Population Registration program instituted by the Nationalist Party in the 1950s simply made it more difficult for people to move across racial barriers. I think when you look at all of this, including the previous topic detailing the initial colonization of South Africa is that many of these events were based off of long running trends and developments. Essentially since colonization, South Africa had been a nation based upon white people using cheap black labour while trying to maintain that domination and their economy. Hence, apartheid was a continuation of the racist beliefs espoused, especially by the Afrikaners. |
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| Legendofpie | Oct 9 2014, 03:04 AM Post #2 |
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This article is a history of apartheid, the great trek had no connection with apartheid, or was it a mission to expand to further oppression. Infact it was a an attemp to flee the oppression from the British. |
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| Kraketopia | Oct 9 2014, 03:19 AM Post #3 |
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Legend could you please stop using Stephen Colbert as an avatar? It bothers me to associate Stephen with what you say. |
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